Must We Value Life to Have a Right to It?
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چکیده
In her recent article "Death, Mis fortune, and Species Inequality,"l Ruth Cigman gives clear, careful expression to an argument which seems well on its way to becomi ng a classic among opponents of animal rights. 2 Cigman's argument runs as follows: A right to X entails the right to be protected against certain actions which will result in the misfortune, or possible misfortu ne, of not-X. A condition for being the sub ject of a right is therefore the capacity to be the subject of the corresponding misfortune. (49) For a creature to be a possible subject of the misfor tune of death, life itself must be an object of value for it, and this possibility is presup posedby the right to life; otherwise the right to life would be a right to be pro tected from something which could not conceivably be a mis fortune, which does not make sense. (59)
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